🔁 -ED Pronunciation: — /d/
Learn when -ed is pronounced /d/ in regular past verbs.
🎯 Level: Intermediate ⏱ Time: 5 minutes 📘 Category: Grammar
📚 Rule
The -ed ending is pronounced /d/ when the base verb ends in a voiced sound (most sounds in English).
✅ If your throat vibrates, use /d/
❌ Except verbs ending in “t” or “d” (that’s Lesson 3)
⚖️ Examples
⚠️ No extra syllable!
❌ play-ed
✅ /played/
👂 Listening Tip for Spanish Speakers
In Spanish, we often want to add a vowel:
❌ clean-ed → clean-ed
✅ cleaned → ends with a /d/ sound /cleand/
Feel the vibration at the end.
📚 Quick Practice
Say these aloud and then listen to check:
1. I played soccer.
2. She cleaned the house.
3. We lived there.
4. He called me.
Mini Challenge: 🌟
Which ones end with /d/?
worked
played
finished
lived
📚 Key Take away
Remember:
🟢 Final sound = voiced → /d/
🟢 No extra syllable